By Peter Watson
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Indeed, temperature and humidity thresholds (above which sharply increasing or decreasing rates are recorded) may result in phenomena that are linearly or quadratically interdependent of one another. 1 Short-Term Effect of Varying Temperature and Humidity The effects of temperature and humidity on arthroplods are exemplified by Hortiatis. The graph featuring the temperature and moisture dependence of feeding in the diplopod G. balcanica in the laboratory appears rather simple (Fig. 6). Feeding activity increases with increasing moisture, and a jump in 50 Activity Patterns Fig.
With restored moisture conditions, external morphology revives rapidly and collembolans become active within 1 h. Anhydrobiosis is independent of age and can be entered into several times during the life of an individual. Aside from morphological changes, Belgnaoui and Barra (1988) also described changes in metabolism in the collembolan Folsomides angularis. After 2 months in anhydrobiosis, glycogen which is used for the synthesis of Responses of Arthropods to Environmental Extremes 27 trehalose, has been completely removed from the tissues.
Thus, mature specimens are able to profit from even slight but instantaneous increases in winter temperatures, so they can develop as well as produce and deposit small numbers of eggs. In contrast, respiration metabolism is closely correlated with live weight among subsquent immature instars emerging in winter. These appear unable to exploit rises in temperature. Thus, subsequent immature instars cannot develop into adults and dominate numerically during the cold period. When induced by low heat budgets, accumulation of subsequent instars (population reserves) contributes to life cycle synchronisation with the seasonally varying temperatures in Mediterranean regions.